Photogrammetry
Photogrammetry was one of the first methods to convert two-dimensional photos into a three-dimensional model. It is a technique used to obtain reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of capturing, measuring, and interpreting photographic images, electromagnetic radiation patterns, and other phenomena.
Here is a brief explanation by UnreaLab:
Basic Principle
The fundamental principle behind photogrammetry is triangulation. By taking photos from at least two different locations, sightlines can be developed from each camera to points on the object. These sightlines are mathematically intersected to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the points.
Photogrammetry is applied in various fields, and in the next step, a number of examples will be provided.